710分新题型决胜四级最新大学英语四级考试一书通(附MP3)
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内容提要：
快速阅读解题5种基本方法2大注意事项
听力长对话3大命题规律3种应试方法 短对话10大题型命题规律与应试技巧 选词填空解题4个步骤应试3大技巧 短句回答4种题目类型5大应试技巧 完形填空命题3个原则5大考点4大技巧 汉译英命题3规律解题4步骤应试8技巧 作者简介：
王迈迈，中国书刊发行协会非国有书业工作委员会常务理事，湖北省出版物发行协会副会长，武汉现代外国语言文学研究所所长，长期从事大学英语和中学英语教学与研究，编著出版了大量深受读者喜爱的畅销图书，调查显示，全国许多大学、中学的学生，拥有王迈迈品牌图书，几乎人手一册，其深受欢迎的程度可见一斑。
编辑推荐：
快速阅读解题5种基本方法2大注意事项
听力长对话3大命题规律3种应试方法 短对话10大题型命题规律与应试技巧 选词填空解题4个步骤应试3大技巧 短句回答4种题目类型5大应试技巧 完形填空命题3个原则5大考点4大技巧 汉译英命题3规律解题4步骤应试8技巧 目录：
透视710分新题型四级考卷 710分新题型四级考卷题型分析 710分新题型四级考卷六大变化 快速阅读 第一章710分新题型四级考试快速阅读理解命题规律与应试技巧 …… 书摘：
A second characteristic is based on“consensus （一致） opinion” and“bottom-up （从头至尾进行的） direction”. In Japan great consideration is given to and reliance placed on the thoughts and opinions of everyone at all levels. This is true of corporate enterprises and government agencies.
To understand this, it is important to realize that Japan is a very densely populated homogeneous（相似的）country. Moreover, the people are aware and are articulate. Literacy is almost 100 per cent. Problems are shared. In Japan there is a drive for the group--whether it is family, company, or government--to act as a unit. Tremendous weight is given to the achievement of unity and agreement. Unilateral（单方的）decision- making or direction-taking is generally avoided, or where it does occur for very practical urgent reasons, it usually happens along with a questioning of all concerned. This brings us to the second part of this characteristic. When I use the term“bottom-up”, I am referring to a style of management--perhaps what you would call keeping your finger on the pulse of the public, or the labor force, or other audiences. The difference is that in Japan we record the pulse（意向）and it has real meaning, and it influences the direction finally taken at the top regarding a specific: important issue. In other words, western style decision-making proceeds predominantly from top management and often does not consult middle management or the worker while in Japan, direction can be formulated at the lowest levels, travel upward through an organization and have an impact on the eventual decision. This is“bottom up”. There is also a characteristic style of communications in Japan that is different from the western way. The Japanese business person works to achieve harmony, even if the deal falls through, and will spend whatever time is necessary to determine a“you to you”approach, comnmnicating personal views only indirectly and with great sensitivity. |