The world of mathematics vol 3数学的世界 v3

The World of Mathematics, a monumental four-volume reference 15 years in the making, was specially designed to make mathematics more accessible to the layman. It comprises nontechnical essays on every aspect of the subject, including articles by and about scores of eminent mathematicians, as well as literary figures, economists, biologists, and many other thinkers. Included are selections from the works of Archimedes, Galileo, Descartes, Newton, Gregor Mendel, Edmund Halley, Jonathan Swift, John Maynard Keynes, Henri Poincare, Lewis Carroll, George Boole, Bertrand Russell, Alfred North Whitehead, John von Neumann, and many others. In addition, an informative commentary by noted mathematics scholar James R. Newman precedes each essay or group of essays, explaining their relevance and context in the history and development of mathematics. Volume 3 (Parts VIII-XVII) contains essays on such topics as statistics and the design of experiments, group theory, the mathematics of infinity, the unreasonableness of mathematics, the vocabulary of mathematics, and mathematics as an art. The essays gathered here include "The Law of Large Numbers," by Jacob Bernoulli; "The Vice of Gambling and the Virtue of Insurance," by George Bernard Shaw; "Mathematics and the Metaphysicians," by Bertrand Russell; and 30 more.

Statistics and the Design of Experiments
　1. Foundations of Vital Statistics by JOHN GRAUNT
　2. First Life Insurance Tables by EDMUND HALLEY
　3. The Law of Large Numbers by JACOB BERNOULLI
　4. Sampling and Standard Error by L. c. TIPPETT
　5. On the Average and Scatter by M. J. MORONEY
　6. Mathematics of a Lady Tasting Tea
　7. The Vice of Gambling and the Virtue of Insurance
The Supreme Art of Abstraction: Group Theory
　1. The Group Concept by CASSIUS J. KEYSER
　2. The Theory of Groups
Mathematics of Infinity
　1. Mathematics and the Metaphysicians
　2. Infinity by HANS nAnN
Mathematical Truth and the
　1. On the Nature of Mathematical Truth by CARL G. HEMPEL
　2. Geometry and Empirical Science by CARL G. HEMPEL
　3. The Axiomatic Method by RAYMOND L. WILDER
　4. Goedel's Proof by ERNEST NAGEL and JAMES R. NEWMAN
　5. A Mathematical Science
　6. Mathematics and the World by OOUGLAS GASKING
　7. Mathematical Postulates and Human Understanding
The Mathematical Way of Thinking
　1. The Study That Knows Nothing of Observation
　2. The Essence of Mathematics by CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE
　3. The Economy of Science by ERNST MACH
　4. Measurement by NORMAN CAMPBELL
　5. Numerical Laws and the Use of Mathematics in Science
　6. The Mathematical Way of Thinking by HERMANN WEYL
Mathematics and Logic
The Unreasonableness of Mathematics
How to Solve It
The Vocabulary of Mathematics
Mathematics and an Art
INDEX